The difference between Ternary Lithium Battery and Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery(LiFePO4)

In solar home appliances, the differences between using ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. Positive electrode material

Ternary lithium battery: Its positive electrode material is lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM) or lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA). These materials make ternary lithium batteries have higher energy density and better low temperature performance.

Lithium iron phosphate battery: Its positive electrode material is lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4). This material gives lithium iron phosphate batteries good safety performance and a longer cycle life.

2. Energy density

Ternary lithium battery: has a higher energy density, generally around 200Wh/kg. This means that at the same weight, the ternary lithium battery can store more power, thus providing longer battery life.

Lithium iron phosphate battery: Although the energy density is also increasing, it is still slightly inferior to the ternary lithium battery, and the energy density of its battery cell is about 110Wh/kg.

3. Temperature difference efficiency

Ternary lithium battery: performs better in low temperature environments. For example, at minus 20°C, the ternary lithium battery can release about 70.14% of its capacity, which makes it more suitable for use in cold environments.

Lithium iron phosphate battery: Although it has good high temperature resistance, it performs relatively poorly in low temperature environments. Under the same low temperature conditions, the lithium iron phosphate battery can only release about 54.94% of its capacity.

4. Charging efficiency

Ternary lithium battery: usually has a higher charging efficiency and can be fully charged faster.

Lithium iron phosphate battery: The charging efficiency is relatively low, but it can still meet daily use needs.

5. Cycle life

Lithium iron phosphate battery: It has excellent performance in cycle life, with the number of cycles reaching more than 2,000 times, or even more than 3,500 times, and is suitable for occasions with high requirements for battery life.

Ternary lithium battery: Although the cycle life is also long, it may be slightly inferior to lithium iron phosphate battery.

6. Safety and environmental protection

Lithium iron phosphate battery: It has good safety performance and is relatively stable even under special conditions such as short circuit, overcharge, extrusion, and acupuncture, and has less environmental pollution.

Ternary lithium battery: Although it also has certain safety, it may have certain safety risks compared to lithium iron phosphate batteries. At the same time, because it contains precious metal materials such as cobalt, its recycling and processing needs to pay special attention to environmental protection issues.

In summary, the choice of ternary lithium battery or lithium iron phosphate battery in solar home appliances needs to be comprehensively considered according to the specific usage scenarios and needs. If higher energy density and better low-temperature performance are required, ternary lithium battery can be selected; if the safety performance and cycle life of the battery are more important, or if there are higher requirements for cost, lithium iron phosphate battery may be a better choice.